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  1. Neanderthal - Wikipedia

    Neanderthal extinction occurred roughly 40,000 years ago with the immigration of modern humans (Cro-Magnons), but Neanderthals in Gibraltar may have persisted for thousands of years longer. The first …

  2. Neanderthal | Characteristics, DNA, & Facts | Britannica

    Dec 12, 2025 · Neanderthal, one of a group of archaic humans who emerged at least 200,000 years ago in the Pleistocene Epoch and were replaced or assimilated by early modern human populations …

  3. Homo neanderthalensis - The Smithsonian's Human Origins Program

    Jan 3, 2024 · Neanderthals made and used a diverse set of sophisticated tools, controlled fire, lived in shelters, made and wore clothing, were skilled hunters of large animals and also ate plant foods, and …

  4. Who were the Neanderthals? - Natural History Museum

    What is a Neanderthal? Are Neanderthals human? Find out facts about the species Homo neanderthalensis, including when these ancient people lived and what they looked like.

  5. Who Were the Neanderthals? The Truth About Our Ancient Human …

    Jul 31, 2025 · Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) were not a detour on the road to us—they were a parallel branch, a sister species. Their story begins in Africa, where our last common ancestor lived …

  6. Neanderthal - World History Encyclopedia

    Oct 21, 2016 · Neanderthals are an extinct group of fossil humans that appeared in Western Eurasia in the mid-Middle Pleistocene and shared the stage with the first modern humans arriving in Europe …

  7. 'It is the most exciting discovery in my 40-year career ...

    Dec 10, 2025 · Archaeologists have found the earliest evidence yet of fire technology — and it was created by Neanderthals in England more than 400,000 years ago.

  8. What Did Neanderthals Look Like? - HISTORY

    Aug 4, 2025 · Neanderthals, our closest extinct relatives, occupy a unique branch of the evolutionary tree. Recent research shows that all modern humans have a small portion of Neanderthal DNA from...

  9. What is a Neanderthal—and why did they go extinct?

    Mar 6, 2023 · Those who embrace this theory believe that once Neanderthal populations declined, humans moved in and eventually became the dominant species worldwide. Still another theory …

  10. Here's What We Know About Neanderthals So Far

    Dec 6, 2023 · Neanderthals are Homo sapiens ’s closest-known relative, and today we know we rubbed shoulders with them for thousands of years, up until the very end of their long reign some 40,000 …